WEBVTT 00:00.690 --> 00:02.150 Dennis Diderot said, 00:02.850 --> 00:08.450 The great tragedy of science is the slaying of a beautiful hypothesis by an ugly fact. 00:09.650 --> 00:14.410 If the earth is a sphere or ball, then there must be evidence of a curved surface. 00:15.250 --> 00:20.390 Generations of children and adults, from Aristotle to Roman times to this day, have 00:20.390 --> 00:25.450 believed that the curve can be proved by watching ships gradually disappear as they 00:25.450 --> 00:30.190 move away going over the curved surface of a spherical earth, because it is going 00:30.190 --> 00:31.950 around the curve of the earth, right? 00:32.730 --> 00:35.030 But does this really prove the earth is a ball? 00:36.230 --> 00:41.210 Mathematicians have worked out a mathematical formula based on spherical trigonometry to 00:41.210 --> 00:45.870 calculate what happens when a ship goes over the horizon and disappears from sight. 00:46.650 --> 00:51.730 The formula for finding how far a distant object is below the horizon is 8 inches, 00:52.170 --> 00:54.250 two-thirds of a foot per mile squared. 00:55.110 --> 00:58.910 C equals two-thirds times the diameter squared. 00:59.550 --> 01:05.170 The answer is in feet, where C is the curve, two-thirds of a foot is 8 inches, 01:05.670 --> 01:09.530 and D is the distance below the curve. The answer is in feet. 01:10.450 --> 01:16.450 For example, a ship at C is 10 miles away. How far is the ship below the horizon? 01:17.130 --> 01:21.710 C equals two-thirds times D squared. D equals 10 miles. 01:22.310 --> 01:25.610 C equals two-thirds of 10 squared, 10 times 10. 01:25.610 --> 01:27.410 The answer is in feet. 01:28.130 --> 01:31.050 Answer equals 66.6 feet. 01:32.110 --> 01:35.490 The above formula is based on basic spherical trigonometry. 01:35.870 --> 01:40.970 But if one goes to check this formula on the internet, one will see how a simple idea 01:40.970 --> 01:45.670 can be expressed so complex even scientists find it hard to follow. 01:46.250 --> 01:51.810 According to critics, the change is recent to support a spherical earth and heliocentricity. 01:52.480 --> 01:56.190 This experiment will need two experimenters and two or more monitors. 01:57.090 --> 02:00.550 Apparatus needed is a video camera with a large zoom lens, 02:01.070 --> 02:07.070 access to a large lake like one of the Great Lakes, preferably frozen on a very calm and clear day. 02:07.850 --> 02:12.550 Set up a station on the edge of the lake and place a marker on the ice three miles away. 02:13.370 --> 02:19.530 Use a drone flying at a constant controlled one meter above the ice so as to pass over the three mile marker. 02:20.230 --> 02:26.510 The drone camera will identify the marker and stop, hover in the place still at one meter above the ice. 02:27.350 --> 02:31.610 Can the experimenters see the drone by naked eye or has it gone over the curve? 02:32.330 --> 02:36.690 Or has it disappeared because the drone has gone beyond the vanishing point, 02:37.290 --> 02:39.550 the limit of the human eye to see in the distance? 02:40.510 --> 02:44.650 Now video the drone using the zoom lens and ask can it still be seen? 02:45.350 --> 02:50.730 Now repeat the experiment but put the marker at six miles away and video through the zoom lens. 02:51.490 --> 02:55.550 Carefully collate the video footage, repeat the experiment for analysis. 02:56.330 --> 02:59.350 There are other factors that need to be taken into consideration of course. 03:00.310 --> 03:05.210 In this experiment there is no need to use complex contrived mathematical equations, 03:05.610 --> 03:08.210 just simple observation and common sense. 03:08.830 --> 03:09.750 Is water flat? 03:10.440 --> 03:14.490 The earth is over 70% water and water is flat. 03:15.030 --> 03:16.430 So where is the curve? 03:17.490 --> 03:20.850 Whenever experiments have been tried on the surface of standing water, 03:21.290 --> 03:23.510 the surface has always been found to be level. 03:24.290 --> 03:28.370 If the earth were a globe, the surface of all standing water would be convex. 03:29.050 --> 03:31.970 This is experimental proof the earth is not a globe. 03:32.870 --> 03:36.510 No curve is seen when mountains are observed at a distance as well. 03:37.210 --> 03:40.830 Edward Henry cites John McIntyre, who researched three mountains, 03:41.490 --> 03:44.690 Mount Tenant, Mount Greybeard and Mount Frying Pan, 03:45.210 --> 03:46.850 all very nearly the same height. 03:47.390 --> 03:48.630 Standing on Mount Tenant, 03:49.150 --> 03:53.490 McIntyre expected to see Mount Greybeard lower down than Mount Frying Pan 03:53.490 --> 03:57.510 because of the curve of the earth, since it was 34 miles away. 03:58.230 --> 04:01.310 But to his shock and surprise, it was the same height. 04:02.030 --> 04:05.290 When scientists are confronted with these factual results, 04:05.290 --> 04:09.430 they will split hairs to bend the results to support what they believe. 04:10.030 --> 04:13.190 But belief always carries the day, not science. 04:14.230 --> 04:18.070 According to critics, when scientists discovered the earth was a flat plain, 04:18.530 --> 04:20.030 they realized they had a problem. 04:20.630 --> 04:23.010 So how did they cope with the spherical earth theory 04:23.010 --> 04:27.130 that was so well developed and inscribed into the human psyche for centuries? 04:27.910 --> 04:31.890 Well, they had gone too far down the rabbit hole to turn back for sure. 04:32.510 --> 04:35.670 The truth about the real shape of the earth is too shocking. 04:36.330 --> 04:39.310 So they wrapped the flat earth map around a globe. 04:40.030 --> 04:41.990 But this made problems of their own. 04:42.730 --> 04:47.050 Problems found on Mercator's projection, where Greenland appears huge, 04:47.690 --> 04:49.210 much larger than it really is. 04:49.870 --> 04:54.610 In actual fact, Greenland fits 13 times into the continent of Africa. 04:55.470 --> 04:59.190 The strategic map in the White House is there for military uses, 04:59.570 --> 05:00.910 should the USA be attacked. 05:01.610 --> 05:05.330 The famous blue marble is not a photograph of the earth from space, 05:05.550 --> 05:06.250 as many believe. 05:07.070 --> 05:11.190 It's a composite of strips of a flat earth map wrapped around a sphere. 05:12.170 --> 05:15.850 Any flat image can be wrapped around almost any 3D shape. 05:16.490 --> 05:19.150 See one of these many blue marbles, for instance. 05:21.030 --> 05:24.530 These are just some of the many blue marbles made over the years. 05:25.470 --> 05:27.570 But this is not a photograph. 05:27.570 --> 05:32.390 It is admittedly photoshopped strips wrapped around a sphere. 05:33.530 --> 05:37.570 Also, the image of the Milky Way Galaxy cannot be a photograph, 05:37.910 --> 05:41.150 since no vehicle carrying a camera launched from earth 05:41.150 --> 05:43.050 has ever been outside the galaxy. 05:43.830 --> 05:47.210 It's an artist's impression of a theoretical idea. 05:47.970 --> 05:50.790 But how many people believe this is an actual photo? 05:51.930 --> 05:56.590 Mountain ranges reflected in lakes is a good example of the flat earth. 05:57.290 --> 06:01.730 If earth is a sphere, then lakes should behave as convex mirrors 06:01.730 --> 06:05.010 and the image smaller, as seen at B. 06:06.190 --> 06:08.290 Mountains reflecting on a lake or sea, 06:08.810 --> 06:11.910 the reflection is the same size as the mountain in A. 06:12.730 --> 06:16.610 On a curved earth, the reflection would be smaller, like in B. 06:18.030 --> 06:19.370 What do we actually see? 06:20.410 --> 06:23.730 What do reflections look like here on our actual earth? 06:24.730 --> 06:27.710 These photos show perfect reflections, 06:28.330 --> 06:30.730 which are exactly the same size as the mountain, 06:31.210 --> 06:33.370 indicating the water is flat. 06:34.710 --> 06:37.030 You may conduct your own simple experiment 06:37.030 --> 06:41.550 using a regular flat mirror and a convex car reversing mirror. 06:42.330 --> 06:46.870 You'll see the image in a flat mirror is always the same size as the object, 06:47.270 --> 06:51.670 while the image in a convex mirror is always smaller than the object. 06:52.870 --> 06:58.090 Many films and videos show the earth from high up in the stratosphere as a sphere, 06:58.710 --> 07:03.450 particularly the video where Felix Baumgartner made his famous leap in 2012 07:03.450 --> 07:06.050 from 20 miles up from a high balloon. 07:06.810 --> 07:09.870 And of course, what we are told are views from satellites, 07:10.490 --> 07:13.450 the International Space Station, and the Hubble telescope, 07:13.950 --> 07:15.750 where the earth is decidedly spherical. 07:16.750 --> 07:21.530 The cameras used, however, are special cameras fitted with fisheye lenses, 07:22.070 --> 07:25.890 which can show straight lines as curved convex or concave. 07:26.990 --> 07:31.210 But when film is taken from amateur balloons at more than 20 miles high, 07:31.570 --> 07:34.910 using a regular lens, the horizon appears flat. 07:35.850 --> 07:40.210 Critics claim there is a deliberate element of deception from space agencies 07:40.210 --> 07:41.930 to exaggerate the curve. 07:42.990 --> 07:45.570 The fisheye lens distorts the image. 07:46.330 --> 07:48.850 Critics say it is deliberately used to deceive, 07:49.450 --> 07:52.390 which is not too difficult since the majority of people 07:52.390 --> 07:54.450 already believe the earth is a ball, 07:54.870 --> 07:57.290 having been conditioned to see what they expect. 07:58.390 --> 08:02.130 The following videos show the distortion of a fisheye, 08:02.190 --> 08:04.930 which can be a convex or concave lens 08:04.930 --> 08:07.850 in contrast to a regular normal lens. 08:08.990 --> 08:15.090 Watch the short video of the Felix Baumgartner jump on the 15th of March, 2012. 08:16.270 --> 08:21.170 Before Baumgartner jumped from his capsule from 128,000 feet above the earth, 08:21.690 --> 08:24.930 a camera with an ordinary, regular lens inside 08:24.930 --> 08:29.250 briefly shows a flat, eye-level horizon of the earth. 08:29.890 --> 08:33.030 When Baumgartner steps out of the balloon from the capsule, 08:33.430 --> 08:35.990 an external GoPro camera is switched on, 08:35.990 --> 08:41.290 and then suddenly the whole horizon is transformed into a curved horizon, 08:41.770 --> 08:43.250 which, according to critics, 08:43.730 --> 08:47.010 was deliberately done to give the impression of a curved earth 08:47.010 --> 08:49.230 to meet the expectation of viewers. 08:50.050 --> 08:51.930 But watching the video more closely, 08:52.590 --> 08:57.010 the curve is too sharp and small for a complete and whole earth. 08:57.650 --> 09:01.230 The curves are seen as both convex and concave, 09:01.710 --> 09:03.510 according to the angle of the camera. 09:03.510 --> 09:09.090 But the horizon is not convex, nor concave, but flat. 09:10.390 --> 09:14.370 What is considered to be the very first view from a rocket into space 09:14.370 --> 09:18.650 from 65 miles up was from the Nazi V-2 rocket 09:18.650 --> 09:24.850 launched from the White Sands missile range of New Mexico on October 14, 1946. 09:25.850 --> 09:28.350 A regular lens shows a flat earth, 09:28.770 --> 09:32.370 which is quite different from the view that NASA released thereafter 09:32.370 --> 09:35.470 using fisheye lenses that distort the horizon 09:35.470 --> 09:37.650 even from only five miles high. 09:38.310 --> 09:40.170 Notice the sharpness of the curve. 09:41.050 --> 09:45.510 The V-2 rocket is 13 miles higher and shows a very different picture. 09:46.910 --> 09:49.810 Balloons were used extensively in the 19th century 09:49.810 --> 09:52.270 before engine-powered airplanes existed. 09:53.090 --> 09:55.250 Reports from that time are very interesting 09:55.250 --> 09:58.930 and worth reading the impressions given by those balloonists. 09:59.790 --> 10:04.310 In an editorial from the London Journal, July 18, 1857, 10:05.050 --> 10:08.490 one journalist described the experience of his Haudenosaunee balloon ascent, 10:08.970 --> 10:09.150 quote, 10:31.010 --> 10:35.210 The horizon always rises up to meet the eye at high level. 10:36.030 --> 10:39.950 Observers from a balloon 20 miles high using a standard lens 10:39.950 --> 10:42.330 would have to look down to see the horizon. 10:42.850 --> 10:46.150 But in practice, the horizon is always at eye level. 10:58.930 --> 11:03.550 An average person sees the horizon about 3.5 to 6 miles away. 11:04.330 --> 11:06.810 A taller person can see a little further perspective. 11:08.210 --> 11:10.610 Perspective may be explained by railway lines. 11:11.430 --> 11:12.850 The lines are perfectly parallel, 11:13.270 --> 11:15.590 but a person standing in the middle of the lines, 11:15.830 --> 11:19.330 looking into the distance, sees them getting closer and closer. 11:19.910 --> 11:22.630 Although the person knows they are the same distance apart, 11:23.150 --> 11:25.370 but they can only see as far as the horizon. 11:25.370 --> 11:29.850 The railway line appears to get smaller, but of course it does not. 11:30.650 --> 11:32.390 It is approaching the vanishing point. 11:33.170 --> 11:36.690 But this is just perspective, and nothing has really vanished. 11:37.950 --> 11:41.070 When a person starts to walk away down the middle of a road, 11:41.490 --> 11:42.730 they appear to get smaller, 11:43.110 --> 11:46.410 and eventually their legs start to appear blurry and shimmery. 11:47.010 --> 11:49.210 This is because of the density of the air 11:49.210 --> 11:51.970 and light returning from the legs becoming distorted. 11:53.050 --> 11:55.030 Perspective, however, can be changed 11:55.030 --> 11:58.030 by using binoculars, zoom lens, or a telescope, 11:58.650 --> 12:01.910 and the image of the person appears closer and visible again. 12:02.930 --> 12:06.370 Eventually, the person still walking down the road disappears, 12:07.330 --> 12:09.710 not because they have gone over the curve of the earth, 12:10.090 --> 12:12.770 but simply because they have gone out of range of view, 12:13.150 --> 12:14.590 called the vanishing point. 12:15.630 --> 12:18.550 Ships at sea that appear to disappear at the bottom 12:18.550 --> 12:22.590 can be restored to full view using a good zoom lens camera. 12:23.110 --> 12:25.530 The bottom of the ship can come into focus, 12:25.870 --> 12:28.570 and the bow seen clearly breaking the waves. 12:29.510 --> 12:32.170 There are hundreds of videos produced by researchers 12:32.170 --> 12:34.750 which demonstrate that ships do not vanish 12:34.750 --> 12:35.990 around the curve of the earth. 12:36.790 --> 12:39.650 The teaching in schools that ships at sea disappear 12:39.650 --> 12:41.970 because they have gone over the curve of the earth 12:41.970 --> 12:45.750 is no longer a credible proof that the earth has a curved surface. 12:46.890 --> 12:50.310 It's part of the natural physics of water and other fluids 12:50.310 --> 12:52.930 to always find their level and remain flat. 12:53.630 --> 12:58.170 If disturbed in any way, motion ensues until the flat level is resumed. 12:59.050 --> 13:02.150 If raised up then released, the nature of all liquids 13:02.150 --> 13:05.470 is to flood outwards taking the easiest course 13:05.470 --> 13:07.310 towards finding its new level. 13:08.250 --> 13:11.430 Hydroelectric power stations are a testament to this fact. 13:12.010 --> 13:14.070 But if the earth is a giant sphere 13:14.070 --> 13:18.130 tilted on its vertical axis, spinning through never ending space 13:18.130 --> 13:22.190 then it follows that truly flat, consistently level surfaces 13:22.190 --> 13:23.370 do not exist here. 13:24.330 --> 13:26.350 Moreover, if the earth is spherical 13:26.350 --> 13:29.170 then it follows that the surface of all earth's water 13:29.170 --> 13:30.870 including the massive oceans 13:30.870 --> 13:33.890 must maintain a certain degree of convexity. 13:34.370 --> 13:37.770 But this is contrary to the fundamental physical nature of water 13:37.770 --> 13:40.170 to always be and remain level. 13:41.170 --> 13:45.910 The Nile River in Africa is 4,132 miles long 13:45.910 --> 13:48.730 flowing over an arc of the curve of the earth 13:48.730 --> 13:52.890 with some tendon angle at the center of the earth of about 60 degrees 13:52.890 --> 13:56.550 then logically it must flow uphill at some stage 13:56.550 --> 13:58.430 and then down to the Mediterranean. 13:59.170 --> 14:02.630 There are other long rivers such as the Congo and Amazon 14:03.170 --> 14:06.910 totally incompatible with the supposed globularity of the earth. 14:07.750 --> 14:09.130 As Thomas Winship says 14:09.130 --> 14:13.150 we know from practical experiment that water will find its level 14:13.150 --> 14:16.810 and cannot by any possibility remain other than level 14:16.810 --> 14:18.430 or flat or horizontal 14:18.430 --> 14:21.390 whatever term may be used to express the idea. 14:22.270 --> 14:24.870 It is therefore quite out of the range of possibility 14:24.870 --> 14:27.550 that rivers could do as they would on a globe. 14:28.390 --> 14:30.250 The situation is even more baffling 14:30.250 --> 14:33.710 when scientists say the force of gravity is a weak force 14:33.710 --> 14:37.270 yet it's able to hold down trillions of tons of water 14:37.270 --> 14:38.790 on the surface of the earth 14:38.790 --> 14:42.230 while traveling at 67,000 miles an hour in orbit 14:42.230 --> 14:45.270 and rotating over 1,000 miles an hour at the equator. 14:46.130 --> 14:48.890 Critics contend that all the evidence indicates 14:48.890 --> 14:51.650 that earth is not moving and is flat. 14:52.950 --> 14:55.910 Anyone can show that the horizon is perfectly flat 14:55.910 --> 14:58.610 by a simple experiment on a suitable beach. 14:59.410 --> 15:02.810 Take a rigid plank of wood about six feet long or more 15:02.810 --> 15:06.070 and place it across two tripods as shown here. 15:07.150 --> 15:10.390 Using a spirit level to ensure it is perfectly horizontal 15:10.390 --> 15:12.550 place a plumb line in the middle 15:12.550 --> 15:14.790 and at various places across the plank 15:14.790 --> 15:18.370 to ensure it is perfectly level and square to the ground. 15:19.190 --> 15:22.450 Then facing the sea and taking a line of sight 15:22.450 --> 15:25.110 line up the plank with the distant horizon. 15:25.810 --> 15:27.170 If the earth was curved 15:27.170 --> 15:30.490 and the curve could be observed over a great expanse of the horizon 15:30.490 --> 15:33.870 the curve should be observable at both ends of the plank. 15:35.030 --> 15:38.010 The keel canal that cuts across Denmark peninsula 15:38.010 --> 15:41.990 is almost 57 miles, 91 kilometers long 15:42.490 --> 15:44.470 without a single lock to raise it up 15:44.470 --> 15:46.610 and over a 91 kilometer curve. 15:47.430 --> 15:50.350 There are thousands of canals, hundreds of miles long 15:50.350 --> 15:52.730 across the world that are perfectly flat. 15:53.550 --> 15:56.610 If there are locks it is to lift the boats and ships 15:56.610 --> 15:58.890 over a rugged flat landscape 15:58.890 --> 16:00.430 not a curved earth. 16:01.530 --> 16:03.550 Other examples are the Suez Canal 16:03.550 --> 16:07.510 100 miles connecting the Mediterranean and the Red Sea. 16:08.550 --> 16:12.330 Canals and railways are always custom made horizontally 16:12.730 --> 16:14.510 often over hundreds of miles 16:14.510 --> 16:17.090 without any allowance made for curvature. 16:17.890 --> 16:20.430 One surveyor, Mr. T. Westwood 16:20.430 --> 16:24.290 wrote in January 1896 to the Earth Review Magazine 16:43.330 --> 16:44.170 stating that quote, 16:44.170 --> 16:46.750 Another surveyor and engineer of 30 years 16:46.750 --> 16:48.970 wrote to the Birmingham Weekly Mercury 16:48.970 --> 16:51.950 on February 15th 1890 stating 16:51.950 --> 16:55.490 I am thoroughly acquainted with the theory and practice 16:55.490 --> 16:56.810 of civil engineering. 16:57.490 --> 16:59.350 However bigoted some of our professors 16:59.350 --> 17:01.130 may be in the theory of surveying 17:01.130 --> 17:02.950 according to the prescribed rules 17:02.950 --> 17:06.370 yet it is well known that such theoretical measurements 17:06.370 --> 17:09.270 are incapable of any practical illustration. 17:10.150 --> 17:12.510 All our locomotives are designed to run 17:12.510 --> 17:15.590 on what may be regarded as true levels or flats. 17:16.210 --> 17:18.630 Anything approaching 8 inches in the mile 17:18.630 --> 17:20.850 increasing as the square of the distance 17:20.850 --> 17:22.990 could not be worked by any engine 17:22.990 --> 17:24.730 that was ever yet constructed. 17:25.630 --> 17:28.590 Early in 1898 I met Mr. Hughes 17:28.590 --> 17:31.350 chief officer of the steamer City of Lincoln. 17:32.010 --> 17:34.150 This gentleman told me he had projected 17:34.150 --> 17:36.250 thousands of miles of local railway 17:36.250 --> 17:37.150 in South America 17:37.670 --> 17:39.310 and never heard of any allowance 17:39.310 --> 17:40.650 for curvature being made. 17:41.790 --> 17:43.230 If the earth were a sphere 17:43.730 --> 17:45.710 airplane pilots would have to constantly 17:45.710 --> 17:47.510 correct their altitudes downwards 17:47.510 --> 17:50.710 so as to not fly straight off into outer space. 17:51.610 --> 17:53.050 If the earth were truly a sphere 17:53.050 --> 17:55.170 25,000 miles in circumference 17:55.170 --> 17:57.130 covering 8 inches per mile squared 17:57.130 --> 18:00.010 a pilot wishing to maintain their altitude 18:00.010 --> 18:03.210 at a typical cruising speed of 500 miles per hour 18:03.210 --> 18:05.950 would have to constantly tip their nose downward 18:05.950 --> 18:10.090 and descend 2,777 feet every minute. 18:10.670 --> 18:12.370 When pilots set an altitude 18:12.370 --> 18:15.230 their artificial horizon gauge remains level 18:15.230 --> 18:16.730 and so does their course. 18:17.770 --> 18:22.470 Nothing like the necessary 2,777 foot per minute 18:22.470 --> 18:24.910 declination is taken into consideration. 18:26.210 --> 18:26.690 Similarly, 18:27.150 --> 18:30.190 ships captains in navigating great distances at sea 18:30.190 --> 18:32.610 never need to factor the supposed curvature 18:32.610 --> 18:34.430 of the earth into their calculations. 18:35.370 --> 18:38.010 Both plane sailing and great circle sailing 18:38.010 --> 18:40.250 the most popular navigation methods 18:40.250 --> 18:43.590 use plane not spherical trigonometry. 18:43.590 --> 18:46.710 Plane sailing is navigating a ship 18:46.710 --> 18:48.770 making all mathematical calculations 18:48.770 --> 18:51.450 on the assumption that the earth is perfectly flat. 18:52.310 --> 18:54.030 If the earth were in fact a sphere 18:54.030 --> 18:55.770 such an errant assumption 18:55.770 --> 18:58.410 would make constantly glaring inaccuracies 18:58.410 --> 19:01.450 and the necessity for using spherical trigonometry 19:01.450 --> 19:02.570 would become obvious. 19:03.550 --> 19:06.350 All distances whether they be great or small 19:06.350 --> 19:10.690 by sea rely upon ordinary flat earth triangulation calculation. 19:11.510 --> 19:14.850 From the highland near Portsmouth Harbor in Hampshire, England 19:14.850 --> 19:17.530 looking across the spithead to the Isle of Wight 19:17.530 --> 19:19.470 the entire base of the island 19:19.470 --> 19:21.310 where water and land come together 19:21.310 --> 19:23.430 makes a perfectly straight line 19:23.430 --> 19:25.250 22 statute miles long. 19:25.830 --> 19:27.650 According to the ball earth theory 19:27.650 --> 19:30.470 the Isle of Wight should decline 80 feet 19:30.470 --> 19:32.150 from the center of each side 19:32.150 --> 19:34.050 to account for the necessary curvature. 19:34.830 --> 19:36.870 The crosshairs of a good Theodolite 19:36.870 --> 19:38.230 directed there however 19:38.230 --> 19:40.450 have repeatedly shown the land 19:40.450 --> 19:42.310 and the waterline perfectly level. 19:43.610 --> 19:44.670 Since 2014 19:45.210 --> 19:46.490 when Eric Dubey's book 19:46.490 --> 19:48.730 The Flat Earth Conspiracy was published 19:48.730 --> 19:50.630 hundreds of ordinary people 19:50.630 --> 19:53.250 have conducted experiments all over the world. 19:54.210 --> 19:55.810 Anyone can conduct an experiment 19:55.810 --> 19:58.090 without any sophisticated instruments. 19:58.870 --> 20:00.510 Experiments with lasers are common 20:00.510 --> 20:03.350 since lasers can now be purchased easily online. 20:04.150 --> 20:06.330 NASA are aware of these arguments too 20:06.330 --> 20:09.010 so why do they not address these issues? 20:09.890 --> 20:12.310 What do astronomers say about all these anomalies? 20:13.190 --> 20:14.890 Astronomers have no answer 20:14.890 --> 20:16.930 within the framework of the ruling paradigm 20:17.770 --> 20:18.410 heliocentricity. 20:18.870 --> 20:21.250 Does this show the heliocentric paradigm 20:21.250 --> 20:22.650 fraying at the edges? 20:23.550 --> 20:26.230 If so, this may be a time for change. 20:26.950 --> 20:28.930 According to philosopher Thomas Kuhn 20:28.930 --> 20:30.970 paradigms need to be flexible 20:30.970 --> 20:33.130 ready to incorporate new learning 20:33.130 --> 20:34.910 as it unfolds. 20:34.910 --> 20:36.330 NASA reacts by 20:36.910 --> 20:39.130 ridiculing anyone who considers and supports 20:39.130 --> 20:40.110 Flat Earth arguments 20:40.900 --> 20:43.070 monitoring Flat Earth literature and media 20:43.070 --> 20:44.910 placing morning signs on all 20:44.910 --> 20:46.750 permissible Flat Earth videos and books 20:46.750 --> 20:49.450 and forbidding or banning Flat Earth videos 20:49.450 --> 20:51.190 on YouTube and in publications. 20:51.810 --> 20:54.810 Just pretending these anomalies don't exist 20:54.810 --> 20:56.950 isn't going to make them go away 20:56.950 --> 20:59.070 and certainly isn't a good look 20:59.070 --> 20:59.830 for NASA. 21:00.610 --> 21:03.010 For now, it seems NASA is content 21:03.010 --> 21:04.590 ignoring these anomalies 21:04.590 --> 21:06.710 hoping that Flat Earthers 21:06.710 --> 21:08.210 like ships at sea 21:08.210 --> 21:10.590 will one day just disappear 21:10.590 --> 21:11.770 over the horizon.